The peer-review process is conducted by an academic institution or journal that publishes the study. Conducted by independent scientists in a lengthy process verify the protocols in the study adhere to specific guidelines and fundamentals in math, physics or biology. Experts in the specific field scrutinize the study to find gaps, or possible misinterpretations to ensure academic scientific quality.

Third-party testing is a paid service conducted by independent laboratories where the company pays for the tester to replicate a specific scenario to show effect. With paying for a test, there is a zero independence in how the test is conducted, methods used and environmental controls. Unlike peer-reviewed studies having motivation for scientifically-correct results with institutions and scientist names attached to them, labs don’t have the same level of accountability requirements.

Getting verified from the peer-reviewed studies is one major step to validation, but then getting them published with journals & scientists names, reputations and credibility attached to them make it the gold-standard of proof.