In Zenin’s 2013 water experiment, the Aires Shield condition kept the differential-current trace close to zero during exposure. Defender and AquaCluster produced distinct time-dependent responses. The report describes these observations as protective action on an aqueous environment.
What was measured
The investigators used Super-Q purified water and differential conductimetry with a 2 V bridge. Tests lasted approximately 20–40 minutes, with calibration, repeated filling and zero-drift checks described in the protocol. A plain silicon plate served as a comparison. The measured endpoint was electrical conductivity represented by current difference over time.
| Condition | Pattern shown in the original figures |
|---|---|
| Source exposure | The current-difference trace rises over time. |
| Plain silicon comparison | A nonzero rising trace is shown. |
| Aires Shield | The trace remains close to zero. |
| Aires Defender | The trace moves into negative values with a time-dependent response. |
| Aires AquaCluster | A smaller positive excursion is followed by a negative excursion. |
The original findings
Zenin interprets the Shield result as full protection in this water test. The measured record is the conductivity response shown in the report’s four graphs. Read the original 2013 report to examine each trace and the author’s explanation.
PACE expert peer review
Andrew Michrowski of the Planetary Association for Clean Energy assessed this research in August 2018. Read the source-linked review summary and the original PACE expert peer review.
Compare the 2002 radiotelephone experiment and the separate infrared/pH study in the water research hub.
Researchers and connected evidence
- Stanislav V. Zenin: Aqueous-system investigator.
- Andrew A. Michrowski: Peer review of this research.
Trace the measured properties of aqueous systems alongside the physical and biological research program. Water and aqueous-system research · How the research developed · Complete research archive.
Updated October 25, 2026 · Josh, Aires. Original research and expert peer reviews are credited to their authors and linked above.